What causes the 1979 rice riot in Monrovia, Liberia What are the Coursework

What causes the 1979 rice revolt in Monrovia, Liberia What are the impacts of this mob This is a circumstances and logical results article - Coursework Example In addition, the negative impacts of the rice riots proceeded for extensive stretch. In particular, the organization had to get down and give the path for new government. As it was opposed by the decision system, every single strengthened exertion were made to discard the organization and in that procedure, the open life was deadened for an extensive stretch for the sake of common war. The expansion and costs of different items additionally expanded impressively (AllAfrica.com, 2005). The individuals confronted trouble in approaching important administrations like wellbeing and training and thus their personal satisfaction endured harshly. Subsequently, keeping these focuses in thought, the current paper is an endeavor to answer the accompanying proposition explanation. The primary purpose behind the beginning of rice revolts in 1979 is the expansion in rice cost by 39%. The Tolbert organization needed to build the rice cost to empower the nearby rice creation and to debilitate the imports of rice from different countries to Liberia (Broderick, 2007). On fourteenth APRIL, 1979, the cost of parboiled rice was climbed from $22 per 100 lb. pack of rice, to $30 which has incensed the overall population seriously as the value ascent of rice influenced their day by day admission and utilization of rice prompting hunger. They couldn’t endure this choice and began leading the shows in Monrovia to which the legislature reacted with guns. This has prompted passing of forty individuals a few others were injured which has fuelled the emergency further and regular folks felt that the administration was mightily controlling them to proceed with the value ascent of rice (Emmanuel, 2008). Also, the President Tolbert even called some outside soldiers from nei ghboring Republic of Guinea for setting up harmony, yet the individuals felt it as another powerful proportion of forcing the inflexible choice taken by the

Three Reconstruction Plans free essay sample

The bill expressed that 50 percent of a states voters in the appointment of 1860 make a vow of loyalty to the U. S. To be readmitted into the Union. Numerous congressional Republicans thought Lincoln plan was excessively gentle, this bill was stricter and the Radicals figured it would decrease the opportunity of re-subjugation of the blacks. The third and last arrangement was Andrew Johnnys Reconstruction Proclamation. Johnson concurred with Lincoln on most things in plan, for example, it ought to be 10 percent of the voters. He figured the procedure of the south joining back in to the Union ought to be brisk and simple, yet his arrangement as more severe.It disappointed all previous Military and Civil officials of the Confederacy and each one of the individuals who possessed property worth at least 20,000 and caused their bequests to up for appropriation. His aim was to move power in the South from the old grower privileged to little ranchers and craftsmans. We will compose a custom exposition test on Three Reconstruction Plans or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page In 1865 Johnson put his arrangement into activity. Southern states held shows that voided or canceled their laws of withdrawal, annulled bondage and revoked Confederate obligations. Johnson was less liberal to the previous slaves than Lincoln was.He didn't call for emancipation of the individuals who venerated in the Union Army and disappointed previous Confederates. Both Lincoln and Johnnys plan looked for a snappy readmission process. Lincoln kept up that the political authority of the south had succeeded. The Optical Republicans had faith in a corrective Reconstruction plan that would likewise ensure the privileges Of blacks. The republicans in congress needed to emancipate dark and give financial guide in the south for two fundamental reasons, to keep blacks in the south so they would no damage or rival whites in the north, and to make a middle for the Southern Republican gathering. Recreation finished in the late 1 CSS, somehow or another it was a triumph and in others it was a disappointment. It extended Capitalism, incidentally prompted the division of one ideological group, the breakdown of another, and had moving powers that would have a drawn out effect for the Nation. The Reconstruction Plan that appeared the most coherent was Lincoln 10 percent plan. He knew since the administration was separable, withdrawal was outlandish, and he didn't prohibit individuals like Johnnys plan, and wasnt fractional like the Republicans who tried to just post for white northerners.

102 Week 1 Journal Response Professor Ramos Blog

102 Week 1 Journal Response Discover an article that relates here and there to the things we have been discussing in class. In the first place, sum up the content, clarifying how you are understanding what they are stating. Second, interface it to our group. For what reason did you pick it? How can it interface with our group? Incorporate a connect to the content. Ought to be around 250 words long. A few things we have discussed: Basic Thinking Composing Classifications Music and Movies 102 Week 1 Journal Response Discover an article that relates here and there to the things we have been discussing in class. In the first place, sum up the content, clarifying how you are understanding what they are stating. Second, associate it to our group. For what reason did you pick it? How can it associate with our group? Incorporate a connect to the content. Ought to be around 250 words long. A few things we have discussed: Basic Thinking Numbness Creative cycle Research Populace Control 2BR02B Issues/Solutions Choices and Repercussions

I am a cute girl free essay sample

This is one of the greatest private colleges in Ad Nag which has 100 hypothetical rooms, 3 talk rooms, 2 corridors and an advanced library, so on. Also, every one of rooms is prepared LAB to help English learning. Uncommonly, CARS classes are opened at Dong A University which helps individuals with handicaps progressively certain; on the grounds that they feel that they are not end of zero in the life, they will have a positive glancing in their life.Further, Dong A University consistently has huge action in consistently, for example, presents for a noble cause, day for perusing book Through these exercises, we realize social abilities just as exercise forever. In addition, Dong A University consistently has odds of Job for the entirety of understudy with the goal that we can get a sheltered Line of work later on. To help the understudy who has hard case, cherry blooms grant as a support so they can keep on their fantasy. We will compose a custom paper test on I am an adorable young lady or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Understudies endeavors in study are constantly considered by Dong A University. Further, I truly like English office in Dong A University.Recently, I concentrate in English phonetics major, so English division underpins me to such an extent. It makes me huge information as well as certainty. English division made exercises to improve English of understudy. Right off the bat, English club is opened once in seven days which incorporates many intriguing games. Understudy will feel exhausted or hard to recall jargon. Besides, class is likewise movement of English division. It happens once in a month. At the point when you partake In this movement you can show your presentational capacity before people.Confidence Is a blessing you will accomplish after each class. What's more, open talking is advantage play area for the entirety of understudy. You will settle each address with English rapidly and shrewdly. This needs you have different jargon and communicate in English every now and again. Chances which you have at there: chances for a Job, chances for a fantasy, chances for your future Anyway, this Is an energizing visit If you visit Dong A University. Furthermore, take a stab at taking an interest In one of exercises of English office to feel my speaking Is correct or wrong.

Use Games to Improve Your SAT Score

Have Some Fun and Prep for the SAT With These Games When it comes to improving SAT scores, there's no substitute for comprehensive test prep. However, thereareactivities you can do outside of studying to help reframe how you approach certain test problems and concepts. Games in particularare an excellent way to practice setting and achievinggoals, as well as problem solving under pressure. SAT or ACT prep can become boring and exhausting pretty quickly if students aren’t able to switch up their approach every now and then. Especially if students are just working through and endless series of problems, or taking excessive practice tests, they can quickly lose interest and motivation. This is a recipe for trouble, as students need to sustain their test prep throughout their testing timeline in order to reach their goal scores. This is where introducing some new and fun study activities can be extremely useful. If you are looking to spice up your studying routine, try these activities to help sharpen your test-taking mindset. Crack Open a Copy ofWhere's Waldo?Waldo is hidden among the morass of a Roman coliseum. There are red-and-white striped blankets draped everywhere. Characters like â€Å"Wenda† (Waldo's girlfriend) are dressed nearly identically to him. It can be overwhelming, but also surprisingly similar to the SAT’s Reading section, which is a mess of words and graphs cascading into one another. Certain multiple-choice options are phrased to appear to bealmost exactly correct—except for a single word or two that that makes them wrong. To excel, students need to learn to tune out the extraneous information and focus in on reference words that will steer them towards the answer they are looking for. Much like Waldo, the Reading Test is a puzzle book that is best solved by sharpening your ability to pay close attention to small details. Watch a Few Episodes ofWho Wants to Be a Millionaire?This game show offers more than fun trivia facts – it provides insight into how to successfully answer tricky multiple-choice questions. You’ll notice that successful contestants use each possible answer as a tool, weighing its individual likelihood instead of just trying to get the correct answer on the first guess. Learning to mentally talk through problems will help improve your efficiency and accuracy. Additionally, the concept of â€Å"lifelines† is a great one to bring into SAT preparation: â€Å"50:50,† in particular, demonstrates the usefulness of being able to increase your odds of selecting the correct answer byeliminating even just one or two incorrect responses. (Remember, there's no penalty for wrong guesses—don't leave any bubbles blank!) Kick Back withVideo Games or AppsGames likeBrain Age: Concentration Trainingfor the Nintendo 3DS and apps likeElevateare great supplements to SAT preparation. These games can help you prep for the â€Å"No Calculator† portion of the SAT's Math section bygiving you opportunities to drillyour arithmetic. Additionally, these games can boost your work on the Reading section by having you choose between commonly confused words or find the best fit for filling in a sentence. This kind of â€Å"brain-training† is fantastic forimproving memory,concentration, and the ability to perform under the pressure of a timed environment—all crucial skills for boosting SAT scores. Ultimately, the most effective way to improve your SAT score is through proper test preparation. But supplemental test prep doesn’t have to be boring or just drilling different problems day-in and day-out. By utilizing games and other creative strategies to liven up your test prep, you’re exercising your brain while also allowing it to recharge and take a break from more intensive test prep. Want to learn more about where you should be in the test prep process and how to get ahead? Download our free Academics and Test Prep Checklist below! //

Determination Of Heat Of Neutralization - Free Essay Example

PRACTICAL 15:DETERMINATION OF HEAT OF NEUTRALIZATION Data collection: |Reaction |Initial Temperature/ °C ( ±0. 25) |Final Temperature of Mixture/ °C ( ±0. 25) | | |Acid |Base | | |HNO3 + NaOH |28. 00 |28. 25 |34. 50 | |HNO3 + KOH |28. 25 |28. 25 |34. 00 | |HCl + NaOH |28. 25 |28. 00 |34. 5 | |HCl + KOH |28. 25 |28. 25 |34. 00 | |H2SO4 + NaOH |28. 00 |28. 50 |36. 50 | |H2SO4 + KOH |28. 50 |28. 00 |34. 00 | Volume of acid = 50 cm3  ± 0. 25 Acid concentration = 1. 0 M Volume of base = 50cm3  ± 0. 25 Base concentration = 1. 0 M Number of mole of solution used = [pic] = [pic] = 0. 05 mole  ± 0. 5 % Data Processing: Calculation: Temperature Change, [pic] = Final temperature – Average temperature of Acid and Base |Reaction |Average Temperature of Acid and Base,  °C|Final Temperature,  °C |Change of Temperature,  °C | | |( ±0. 5) |( ±0. 25) |( ±0. 75) | |HNO3 + NaOH |28. 13 |34. 50 |6. 38 | |HNO3 + KOH |28. 25 |34. 00 |5. 5 | |HCl + NaOH |28. 13 |34. 75 |6 . 63 | |HCl + KOH |28. 25 |34. 00 |5. 75 | |H2SO4 + NaOH |28. 25 |35. 00 |6. 75 | |H2SO4 + KOH |28. 25 |34. 00 |5. 75 | Heat Released, Q = [pic] m mass of solution specific heat of water (4. 2 Jmol-1 °C-1) [pic] temperature change of solution Enthalpy of neutralization, ? H = Heat released No of moles [pic]Enthalpy change of each experiment : 1. HNO3(aq) + NaOH(aq) [pic]NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l) Enthalpy of neutralization = [pic] = 53. 55 kJmol-1 Uncertainties: m = 0. 5 . ? 100= 0. 5 % 100 ?T = 0. 75 . ? 100= 11. 76 % 6. 38 no of moles= 0. 5 % Total= 12. 76 % Enthalpy of neutralization= -53. 55 kJmol-1 ± 12. 76 % 2. HNO3(aq) + NaOH(aq) [pic]NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l) Enthalpy of neutralization= [pic] = 48. 30 kJmol-1 Uncertainties: m = 0. 5 . 100= 0. 5 % 100 ?T = 0. 75 . ? 100= 13. 04 % 5. 75 no of moles= 0. 5 % Total= 14. 05 % Enthalpy of neutralization= -48. 30 kJmol-1  ± 14. 05 % 3. HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) [pic]NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) Enthalpy of neutralization= [pic] = 55. 65 kJmol-1 Uncertainti es: m = 0. 5 . ? 100= 0. 5 % 100 ?T = 0. 75 . ? 100= 11. 31% 6. 63 no of moles= 0. 5 % Total= 12. 31 % Enthalpy of neutralization= -55. 65 kJmol-1  ± 12. 31 % 4. HCl(aq) + KOH(aq) [pic]KCl(aq) + H2O(l) Enthalpy of neutralization= [pic] = 48. 30 kJmol-1 Uncertainties: m = 0. 5 . ? 100= 0. 5 % 100 ?T = 0. 75 . ? 100= 13. 4 % 5. 75 no of moles= 0. 5 % Total= 14. 04 % Enthalpy of neutralization= -48. 30 kJmol-1  ± 14. 04 % 5. H2SO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) [pic] Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l) Enthalpy of neutralization= [pic] = 56. 7 kJmol-1 Uncertainties: m = 0. 5 . ? 100= 0. 5 % 100 ?T = 0. 75 . ? 100= 11. 11 % 6. 75 no of moles= 0. 5 % Total= 12. 11 % Enthalpy of neutralization= -56. 7 kJmol-1  ± 12. 11 % 6. H2SO4(aq) + 2KOH(aq) [pic] K2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l) Enthalpy of neutralization = [pic] = 48. 3 kJmol-1 Uncertainties: m = 0. 5 . ? 100= 0. 5 % 100 ?T = 0. 75 . ? 100= 13. 04 % 5. 75 no of moles= 0. % Total= 14. 04 % Enthalpy of neutralization= -48. 30 kJmol-1  ± 14. 04 % Calculated data: |Reacti on |? H, kJmol-1 | | |53. 55  ± 8. 84 % | |HNO3(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l) | | | | | | |48. 30  ± 9. 0 % | |HNO3(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l) | | | | | | |55. 65  ± 8. 54 % | |HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) | | | | | | |48. 0  ± 9. 70 % | |HCl(aq) + KOH(aq) KCl(aq) + H2O(l) | | | | | | |56. 70  ± 8. 1% | |H2SO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l) | | | | | | |48. 30  ± 9. 70 % | |H2SO4(aq) + 2KOH(aq) K2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l) | | | | | Evaluation: Neutralization is an exothermic NeutralizationNeutralization as heat is released during the reaction. From the experiment, we can see that the enthalpy of neutralization of each reaction is nearly the same. This is because in each neutralization, the same reaction occur: OH- + H+ H2O The reaction can also be presented as: H3O+ + OH- 2H2O The theoretical value for the enthalpy of neutralization is about -57 kJmol-1. However, in this experiment, all values of neutralization enthalpy obtained are smaller than the theoretical ones. This is due to some weakness and limitation. Drawbacks of the experiment: 1. The styrofoam cup used was not closed. As a result, heat can be transfer to the surrounding easily and the temperature of the solution obtained will be lower than the real one. 2. When the experiment was done, the temperature was quite cold as the weather was cloudy. This can also affect the temperature of the solution as heat will be released to the surrounding even faster due to the chill environment. 3. There was also a possibility for parallax error to happen as we human cannot avoid ourselves from making mistakes. 4. Each neutralization was done only once. . For each neutralization, the same styrofoam cup was used. This can cause contamination whereby some solution might be neutralized right after it is poured into the empty cup. Ways to Come Shortcomings: 1. The styrofoam cup should be closed so that heat will not be easily released to the surrounding. 2. If the temperature of th e room where the experiment is to be done is cold, shut off all fans to minimized the loss of heat of the solution to the surrounding. 3. Calculate the uncertainties for each measurement and bring it along till the end of the calculation. 4. To obtained more accurate results, each neutralization should be done more than once so that the average value can be obtained. 5. Using different styrofoam cup for each neutralization can minimize contamination. Conclusion: From the experiment, we can determine the heat of neutralization by calculating the amount of heat released when the reaction occur. The heat of neutralization for one mole of reaction can be done by dividing the heat released to the number of mole of the solution used in the reaction. [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic] [pic]

Christopher Columbus, America, And The Colonialization Of...

Prior to 1492, Native Americans had already migrated across North America, established complex societies, and adapted to their environments in various ways. â€Å"They live according to their whims, and in complete freedom† (Taylor 87), said a Spanish invader of the simplistic Native American lifestyle. Agricultural practices and the cultivation of maize became prominent in the American Southwest, with centrality in present-day Mexico. The advancement of agriculture grew societies economically and dramatically in population. In the Great Basin and Great Plains of North America, Native Americans who inhabited these areas adopted a nomadic lifestyle. Due to a significant lack of substantial natural resources, their daily lives were labor†¦show more content†¦This exchange sparked the establishment of America’s stable economy, which thrived and survived because of Europes institution of commerce. Before Columbus’ entrance into the Americas, Europeans were unnecessarily losing profit from trading goods imported from Asia, and islands abundant in spices like Indonesia, China, and India, due to labor intensity and distance. With access to many sea routes, such as Indian Ocean, Persian Gulf, and the Red Sea, creaky and unstable ships made safe shipment unguaranteed. Land routes, often utilized by caravans, stretched into Asia and the Arabian Peninsula, but didn’t asset Europe due to Muslim middlemen gaining profit along the routes. A historian analyzed the situation saying, â€Å"to obtain a more regular and predictable flow of wealth, the European rivals, needed their own colonies, where they might harvest precious minerals and tropical and semitropical crops..† (Taylor 66). Europeans thirsted for a profitable trade source, and the Americas were their solution. America’s crops facilitated European population growth, while America’s gold and si lver mines stimulated wealth. This â€Å"route† became a more accessible and profitable source of commerce for Europeans. Africa was soon brought into this pattern, providing access to cheap slave labor. The three continents formed an interdependent trade system. Africa contributed slaves, Europe supplied advanced technology,Show MoreRelatedCritical Analysis : Before 1492 1419 Words   |  6 Pagesquestions that are unanswered. Questioning how Columbus got â€Å"lucky† in the discovery of America or where race originated from, are some of the things I wondered as I read. Thinking about how different life could have been if even the slightest bit of history was changed is interesting. What if Africa discovered America? In the text, â€Å"Before 1492†, it states that other continents may have treated the Native Americans the same way if they came to America. Within Blaut’s text in Chapter 2, he focusesRead MoreNative American Literature King s A Coyote s Coyote1362 Words   |  6 PagesEvery culture has its traditions and folktales. Commonly, Native stories tend to make use of trickster figures to promote some sort of moral across. Coyote is one of the most frequent trickster figure amongst this narrative. This wild animal can at times be helpful, but more often than not his foolish and rash personality can meddle with the surrounding environment. Much like Zeus transformed into a swan in Leda and the Swan, Coyote could also change forms. Sometimes he’s an animal, other times he’sRead MoreOpen Veins Of Latin America By Eduardo Galeano Essay2023 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"Open Veins of Latin America† by Eduardo Galeano primarily focuses on historical events following the â€Å"discovery† and colonization of Latin America. This book however, unlike many others has very distinct and contrasting ideas. I n his historical piece, Galeano incorporates many peculiar ideas that have since caused controversy following the publishing of the book in the year 1973. As we examine the cover, the subtitle (â€Å"Five Centuries of the Pillage of a Continent†) gives us an antecedent of our

Super Sad True Love Story - 1410 Words

Super Sad True Love Story, America, next to of course god america i, and I, Too, Sing America, are all story/poems that in some form or another address the theme of American exceptionalism and patriotism. In each of the titles, it is established that America is not as revered as it once was or possibly could be and that change needs to take place. Through dystopian tales, satirical speeches and exaggerated ideals the authors of these works of literature try to identify the issues faced in American society. Super Sad True Love story is a novel set in a futuristic world that portrays America as a dystopia. The conditions of the country are horrible; the dollar is extremely unstable, literacy has gone down the drain, privacy is virtually†¦show more content†¦Similar to Marx, Ginsberg is against the idea of a small fraction of the people having significant control and power. Even though the poem is harsh on America, the goal of the author is not to shun or shame the country but try to better it. He is an extremely critical patriot trying to correct America’s flaws. e. e. Cummings’ next to of course god america i deals with the irrationality of blind patriotism and the manipulation of people for certain goals. The poem is largely one long sentence, an individual giving a speech in regards to patriotism halfheartedly. The author asserts how patriotism is being used as an excuse to justify and carry out potentially heinous deeds without any repercussions. In the beginning of the poem Cummings portrays patriotism as it is usually seen by using typical songs and phrases. Later on however, his tone changes and he becomes satirical and dark. He mocks individuals who â€Å"[do] not stop to think [but] die instead.† The speaker shows how the negative aspects of war are being disregarded due to patriotism being used to manipulate people into accepting detrimental ideas and actions. In regards to patriotism, Cummings asks the question â€Å"then shall the voice of liberty be mute?† This inquiry ridicules the narrow-minded idea that wh o so ever contests the traditional idea of patriotism is un-American. Unlike America by Ginsberg which addresses its problemsShow MoreRelatedSuper Sad True Love Story by Gary Shteyngart1301 Words   |  6 Pagesimagine this world being reality. In Gary Shteyngarts Super Sad True Love Story, this idea is reality. Everybody in the world has an à ¤ppà ¤rà ¤ti, and everybody knows everything about one another. But is knowing everything about your friends and neighbors really a good thing, especially when the world around you is crumbling because of this knowledge? Perhaps it isn’t. As Bertrand Russell, a British philosopher, once said, â€Å"In all affairs, love, religion, politics, or business, it’s a healthy idea,Read MoreSuper Sad True Love Story Essay694 Words   |  3 PagesNumber one: The Apparat. In the near future smart-phones evolved into a hand-held device that governs everything in your life from ranking your personality and appearance so that others know what to except of you to telling you all of major news that you absolutely have to know. So important is the device that it is essential that you wear your apparat around your neck at all times and if you are seen without the device or still carrying an older model, you are mocked. Shteyngart’s dystopian novelRead MoreSuper Sad True Love Story Takes A Look Into An Exaggerated1797 Words   |  8 PagesSuper Sad True Love Story takes a look into an exaggerated future of excessive hedonism and impulsiveness with a satirical touch that shows an ever so possible future. The issues made in the story can be easily grasped and understand through a Marxist reading of the main points of the story is centered on its economic turmoil and class division that is found throughout the book. To understand the story is to look through it as a Marxist critic as none as pertinent to understanding the informationRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Birthmark By Nathaniel Hawthorne1651 Words   |   7 Pages humans also desire the need to love and to be loved in return, which often leads to unhappy, bad, forceful relationships as expressed in â€Å"Living In Sin† by Adrienne Rich. Within our human lives we often desire to be labeled by who and what we are so we can know our place in this world; which is pointless because in the end death does not care who you were and â€Å"Color—Caste—Denomination—â€Å" by Emily Dickinson is an example of this. 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The person who helps tell each story and our protagonist is Oliver Fields, a 38-year old artist. We are shown his life now, he is alone and working as unfulfilling graphic artist. He lost his mother to cancer; immediately after that, his father tells him he is gay. Oliver struggles with the fact that his childhood was a fraud of sorts by the fact that his father hide who he was so long. Oliver watches and see as his father falls in love with a youngerRead MoreEssay Leaving Las Vegas1352 Words   |  6 PagesLeaving Las Vegas, directed by Mike Figgis and based on the autobiographical novel by John OBrien, is an emotional story about an alcoholic who rejects life and wants to drink himself to death in Las Vegas, and an unselfish prostitute who loves him the way he is. Ben, played by Nicholas Cage, was a former movie producer in Los Angeles and has obviously crumbled in the glamour world of Hollywood which is shown in the opening scene. Here Ben is already an alcoholic when he disturbs former colleaguesRead MoreHigh School Is The Best Four Years Of Your Life859 Words   |  4 Pagesto my middle school best friend named Tre. I never expected that I would date my best friend or even fall in love with him, and most of all get my heartbroken in the process. We were just two best friends who hung out together, but once we got into high school I then realized he had a lot of characteristics that I looked for in a boyfriend. He was tall, cute, light skin, athletic, super smart and nice. Plus he was hilarious and I m a sucker for a funny guy. I didn t mind us just being friends

Assignment 3 Environmental Issues and the Industrial...

Module 1 Assignment 3 SCI201 Ecology and Environmental Sustainability Argosy University The Industrial Revolution, which took place in the 18th to the 19th centuries, was an era during which essentially uncultivated, rural societies in America and other countries became industrial and urban. Before the Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain during the late 1700s, construction was mostly done by using hand tools or basic machines. Mechanization marked a shifted to powered, special-purpose machinery, factories and mass production. The iron and textile industries, onward with flowering of the steam engine, played important roles in the Industrial Revolution, which also saw improved systems of transportation, communication and†¦show more content†¦The Clean Water Act (CWA) establishes the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants into the water of the United States and regulating quality standards for surface waters (Summary of the Clean Water Act, 2014). The Clean water Act made it wrongful to release any pollutant from a point source into ope n waters, without permission to do so. Even though the laws have been set up, enforcement of said laws has been lax. Although the Industrial Revolution precisely assembled the world we live in today, if we correct the mistakes in the past, we won’t have a world tomorrow. These Acts are still in effect in my state but not everyone follows. More people are dying from second hand smoke, which come from smoking of tobacco products. Some places need to be smoke free such as public parks and family areas. Most hospitals in my city are smoke free areas and that’s great. As far as water pollution in my state, everything isn’t all that perfect since Hurricane Katrina. While the industrial Revolution brought businesses to life and many people were able to get jobs, the cities became crammed with waste. 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From industrial revolution era until mid of 1980s, management accounting still emphasize on accuracy of production cost. But in mid 1980s, with changing of business environment, practitioner and academics have sought new techniques of approach in order to gain its relevancyRead MoreAccounting Theory Assignment 21710 Words   |  7 PagesMONASH UNIVERSITY SEMSTER 1 – YEAR 2011 AFW 3040 – ACCOUNTING THEORY BY: SARAH WONG Assignment 2 – 1500-word Essay Topic: How social and environmental reporting practices undertaken by companies highlight the limitations of the conceptual framework. Introduction: Accountancy has always been concerned with mainly the accountability of directors to shareholders and companies to creditors. As companies grow larger and become more integrated with the society, this call for a focus towards sustainabilityRead MoreFood Production And Its Effects On The World Essay1542 Words   |  7 Pageshigher earnings, which implies they will eat all the more, particularly meat. Expanding utilization of cropland for biofuels will put extra requests on our homesteads. So regardless of the fact that we take care of today s issues of neediness and access—an overwhelming assignment—we will likewise need to deliver twice as much to ensure sufficient supply around the world. What s more, that is not all. Agriculture is among the greatest contributors to global warming, emitting more greenhouse gasesRead MoreAir Pollution in Japan Essay3055 Words   |  13 PagesAbstract This assignment presents one of the major environmental issues in Japan, air pollution. The major causes and impacts of Japan air pollution will be addressed and highlighted in details; air pollution have its significant health implication on humans, as well as the environment, the effects and damages may extend beyond any measure of tolerance. Numerous sustainable solutions were proposed by the government or the individuals. 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John Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism - 1553 Words

John Stuart Mill begins the explanation of his version of Utilitarianism by replying to common misconceptions that people hold regarding the theory, and as a result describes his own theory more clearly. The main issue that Mill raises is that people misinterpret the word â€Å"utility† as in opposition to â€Å"pleasure†. However, utility is actually defined as pleasure itself and also the absence of pain. â€Å"Those who know anything about the matter, from Epicurus to Bentham, who maintained the theory of utility meant by it, not something contradistinguished from pleasure, but pleasure itself and the exemption of pain.† (Mill, Utilitarianism, Chapter 2) Mill continues by explaining that once this misunderstanding is corrected, those that comprehend utility, or ‘the greatest happiness principle’, appreciate that â€Å"actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness† (Mill, Chapter 2). By this account, pleasure and the absence of pain are the only things desirable as ends in themselves; the only inherently â€Å"good† things. Consequently, all other experiences and situations are merely desirable to the extent that they provide a basis or springboard for such pleasures. However, it is still important to understand that utilitarianism doesn’t simply require people to follow what makes them happy in a personal sense. Instead, in Mill’s theory morality is determined by the greatest happiness principle: a moral act is thatShow MoreRelatedJohn Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism1771 Words   |  8 Pages John Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism Throughout Philosophy, morality is a central component. Although, each scholar views the definition of morality differently, the common underlining theme is that of individuals striving to become better and think for themselves. Morality plays a big part in utilitarianism. Many philosophers have defined utilitarianism in a variety of different ways like Jeremy Bentham who believes an action is right if happiness is promoted and wrong if it reverse happiness, includingRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s On Liberty And Utilitarianism Essay2257 Words   |  10 PagesThis essay examines and inspects liberty and order conflict based on the writings of philosopher John Stuart Mill, titled On Liberty and Utilitarianism. We will discuss how his philosophical views on equality as fundamental to what it means to be human. We will interpret John Stuart Mill’s theorist view on equality as fundamental to the good or bad functioning of the state? The question and debate we would also raise will be, is equality be integral the arrangements of power? Lastly, we wouldRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Doctrine And Utilitarianism1802 Words   |  8 PagesThe approach that I strongly agree is the John Stuart Mill’s doctrine and Utilitarianism. 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Bentham felt that pleasure was wholly good, and that pain to the lone evil in the world, as he said, â€Å"NatureRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism1642 Words   |  7 Pagesa wide range of interpretations, as well as having no clear meaning. John Stuart Mill, an English philosopher, based his controversial sentiments of happiness on Jeremy Bentham’s utilitarianism, believing that goods are the means to greatest happiness for the greatest number of peoples. Epicurus, an Ancient Greek philosopher, who similarly encouraged people to follow his pleasure based philosophy to obtain happiness. Unlike Mill, Epicurus’ philosophy is based on individualistic hedonism, which oftenRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Book, Utilitarianism870 Words   |  4 PagesIn John Stuart Mill’s book, Utilitarianism (1863) he challenges many critics that are against his theory. One of which is the claim that Utilitarianism is a swine doctrine. They interpret the theory by saying a humans ultimate goal in life, is that of a swine; pleasure in the absence of pain. It is quite an understandable remark, but definitely is an over analyzed critique, in my opinion. Mill however replies to the critics in grave detail, defending his theory. Although many strengths and weaknessesRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Version Of Utilitarianism2088 Words   |  9 Pagespain is the only thing undesirable as an end. Everything else is good or evil as it tends to promote pleasure or pain*. I will argue that pain should be considered as a means as well as an end and show that this is consistent with John Stuart Mill’s version of Utilitarianism. Conjoining the consideration of pain as a means and the notion of association of ideas, I will give what I hope is a unique explanation as to why higher pleasures are so often considered supe rior to lower pleasures. 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Happiness as described by Mill, is the maximization of pleasure over grief. Some critics have even said that Mill’s theory degraded humans to swine as it belittled morals to come from pleasu res of the body that even animals hadRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill s Utilitarianism And Immanuel Kant s Categorical Imperative1487 Words   |  6 Pagesthemselves with, but two major categories of moral philosophy are the most popular and the most debated. These are John Stuart Mill’s Utilitarianism and Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative. In looking at the three trolley cases, one can align themselves with either Mill, Kant or create their own perspective. Utilitarianism is defended by Mill in his writing entitled Utilitarianism. This method of deciphering good versus bad is rather simple. The Principle of Utility states that â€Å"Actions are

Preliminary Audit Plan Assessing Internal Control Risk Get Solution

Question: The engagement partner has requested a meeting tomorrow to discuss audit plan for MTI She has requested several documents for that meeting.1. A preliminary audit plan assessing internal control risk and providing preliminary judgment for detection risk.2. A description of specific substantive procedures that could be conducted for the WIP inventory.You are required to justify the audit plan by referring to theoretical grounds learnt from this unit. Answer: Preliminary audit plan assessing internal control risk: The control risk is the risk that there is a misstatement in the balances of the accounts or in the classes of the transactions. The material misstatement could be so material that it is incapable of being detected and corrected within the time period. The accounting and the internal control systems are incapable of detecting the misstatements. The internal control system is the system of the control wherein the management has to make sure that there is no misstatement in the financial statements whatsoever. Further, the system of internal control aims at ensuring that the business is conducted in an orderly and an efficient manner. The objective of an audit is to ensure that the internal control system is in place in the organization and it is capable of detecting the material misstatements and ensure that the financial statements represent a true and a fair picture of the financial position of the organization. The responsibility of the maintenance of the internal control system is of the management and the responsibility of commenting on the same is of the auditor. The internal control is way beyond the matters that are directly related with the function of the accounting system and consist of the following:1. Preliminary assessment of the control risk: it is the process through which the accounting and the internal control systems effectiveness is evaluated with regard to the detecting and correcting the material misstatements. There is some degree of the control risk that is always attached due to the presence of the inherent limitation of the accounting and the internal control systems.2. After an understanding of the accounting and the internal controls has been obtained, an auditors makes the preliminary assessment of control risk at the assertion level for each of the balance of the account or the class of the transactions.3. An auditor must assess the access the control risk at the higher levels for the few of the assertions when the following exists:4. When the accounting and the internal control systems are not at all effective5. When the evaluation of the accounting and the internal control system have been found to be ineffective and inefficient6. The preliminary assessment of the risk of the control would be regarded as to be high till the time an auditor is able to:7. Identify the internal controls that must be carried out and are relevant for the prevention and the detection of the material misstatement.8. The tests of controls must be so planned that they support the assessment, as per SAS 300.79. Even when the preliminary assessment of the control risk has been found to be successful, an auditor must not place his reliance on the same till the time, he has obtained a reasonable assurance that the internal controls are capable of detecting the material misstatement and rather had been functioning properly and within the entire period. The understanding of the control risk must be adequately documented10. The auditor is duty bound to documents all of the following:11. His understanding of the accounting and the internal control system12. The assessment of the control risk When an auditor is of the opinion that the control risk is very high, then he must document each and every thing in his working papers as to why he concluded that the control risk was high. And when he has concluded it, he must extend the different techniques that would help him in documenting the information with regard to the accounting and the internal controls systems. The identification and the selection of the techniques would entirely depend upon the judgement and the experience of the auditor. An auditor must use the combination or two or more techniques and must ensure that the techniques include the narrative descriptions, questionnaires, checklists and the flow charts. The types of the documentation would be dependent upon the size and the complexity of the organization and the nature and the timing of the accounting and the internal controls system of the organization. When the accounting and the internal control system is complex, then the auditor procedures to be perfor med will be more complex and then the documentation would be more extensive than otherwise. According to the assessments and the internal controls, when auditor has gained the evidences with regard to the procedures that could be performed in order to gain an understanding of the accounting and the system of internal control and concludes that the accounting and the internal controls systems are in place, then an auditor must assess the control risk at lesser than the high level. In the computerized environment, the tests of the internal controls will be very different from the procedures that will be performed in the manual environment. Some of the procedures of the audit will change though. An auditor would find it relevant to use the Computer Assisted Auditing techniques. The use of such techniques will include the techniques like file interrogation or the audit test data that may be appropriate when the accounting and the internal control system provides no evidence with regard to documenting the performance of the internal controls that are programmed into the computerized system of accounting. On the basis of the tests of the controls, an auditor must assess the internal controls that have been designed and have bene operating as the contemplated in the preliminary assessment of the control risk. The conclusion of the assessed level of the control risk may be revised when an auditor has evaluated the deviations. In such of the cases, an auditor will mod ify the nature, timing and the extent of the substantiative procedures that have been planned to be performed. The tests of control could include the following: 1. All the documents must be supported by the relevant transactions and the other such events so as to gain an understanding of the knowledge regarding whether the internal controls operate effectively and efficiently2. Inquiring about the observation of the internal controls that have no audit trail3. Re-performing the internal controls. Detection risk is the risk that the auditor will not be able to detect the material misstatements during the course of his audit term. An auditor must assess the detection risk and then use the substantitative procedures in order to minimize the risk of detection. He reduces the detection risk by deciding the nature, timing and the extent of the substantive procedures. Audit plan for the work in progress inventory: The following are the substantive tests that could be performed in respect of the inventories and the same must be compared with that of the last year and the industry averages. The following must be looked into: 1. Whether the ending inventory has been overstated2. Whether the sales have been overstated3. Whether the ending inventory have been understated4. Whether the variable selling costs have been overstated.The following are some of the factors that must be considered:1. Book to physical adjustment: this refers to the cumulative effects of the errors in the perpetual system as well as the shrinkage and the loss that is caused due to theft. This amount of loss must and only be accepted when the internal control system of the client is reliable.2. Turnover: the problem of obsolescence can be detected primarily through the slower amounts of the inventory.3. Individual reasonableness tests: the prices and the quantities of the individual items of the inventory must be assessed and must be compared with that of the last years.The physical observation of the inventory:1. SAS 1 requires the inventory to be valued at the lower of the market value or the purchase price.2. There must be a presenc e of the tags in the work in progress inventory. This is due to the following reasons:3. It will indicate the inventory that has been counted4. It will provide the written indication of the internal verification of the inventory and that too with accuracy5. It will provide the pre-numbered document for the tests to be conducted later for the existence of the compilation of the inventory.6. Test counts: this is done to ensure that the client knows as to what has been counted by the auditor so that no subsequent alteration could be made7. The pricing could be tested by ascertaining the quantities, description and the unit if measurementMonitoring the tag sequences: an auditor must use the tags so as to ensure that all the tags have been accounted for. This comes into play and this comes into play when the inventory of the client has to be determined that contains only the valid tags.1. The account balances in the accounts of the purchases, inventories and the cost of the goods sold mu st be compared with that of the previous years. The significant changes must be investigated. When the following ratios are computed, the figures are compared with that of the previous years so as to calculate the reasonableness of all the assertions:2. The classification of the inventory (raw materials, work in process, finished goods) as the % of the total inventory3. The gross margin at the level of the financial statements and by the product line4. The turnover of the inventory at the financial statement level and by the product line.The following plan must be followed in respect of the work in progress:1. The dates of the inventory observations must be taken in the record2. The location and the methods that have been adopted by the division so as to test the existence of each of the category of the inventory, such as the raw materials, work in progress, finished goods and consignments.3. The extent to which the physical inventory taking has been observed must be taken into reco rd4. The written instructions in respect of the inventory must be taken down and went through in detail and its clarity and adequacy must be assessed. The documents must be assessed and any suggestions must be incorporated in the same, whenever deemed necessary.5. Obtain the lists of the teams involved in the inventory count and ascertain as to whether the employees that are involved are capable of identifying the nature and the quality of the items and whether the persons from the various departments do not have any responsibility with regard to the movement, recording or the custody of the inventory. In case, the both 2 stated points are absent, then it will be necessary to revise the extent of the work that has been performed and ensure that the complete and the accurate inventory count is achieved6. Determine as to whether the lists of the inventory differentiates between the various stages of the work in progress. It must be ascertained that the information exists for the prope r identification of the inventory and the test counts of the inventory.7. Ascertain whether the procedures that are being performed are adequate to control the use of the tags of the inventory or the sheets are adequate and if not found adequate, then the division of the duties must be considered and the persons must be made responsible for the tag and the count sheet control, for the counting of the inventory and for inputting the tags and the count sheets into the records of inventory.8. Ascertain as to whether the procedures that have been established ensure a proper cut off.9. Evaluate the procedures to be performed during the time when the goods are received, when they are entered for production and when they are shipped.10. Ascertain whether any goods are there that are owned by the divisions in the custody of the others of the inventories that are owned by the premises of the other divisions.The following points must be clearly spelt out:1. Whether the control procedure of th e client is adequate?2. The control procedures that are used by an auditor is the blend of the physical examination of the goods, observation and inquiry.3. Whether the timing of the count is adequate?4. What all the locations where the inventory is kept?5. Whether an expert is needed to assist the count? When an auditor uses the services of the expert, he would consider the materiality of the inventory and the nature and the complexity of the items and the other such evidences that would be available to him.6. There must be a written plan that must be communicated to all the member of the staff7. There must be a proper arrangement of the items of the inventory8. The physical counting must be supervised by the internal auditors or the supervisory personnel that would re-count the inventory on the test basis9. The auditor must observe the procedures that are followed by the employees of the client10. Reconcile all the work in progress with the records that have bene maintained by the client11. The documentation of the inventory must be inspected and the external confirmation must be obtained from the third party such as the inventory that has been pledged as collateral.12. Ensure that all the work in progress actually exists and are in fact in the stage of production13. All the work in progress inventories are counted and are included in the balance of the work in progress and no other amounts have been included in the inventory of work in progress14. All the listings of the work in progress have been accurately compiled, extended, footed and summarized and the totals are correctly reflected in the accounts15. The cost of the inventory and the selling prices have been adequately valued16. The defective inventory has been properly removed from the work in progress inventory quantity in hand. References: Accountingweb.com, (2014). Auditing Special Purpose Frameworks: Auditing Inventories Part 2 | Accounting WEB. [Online] Available at: https://www.accountingweb.com/article/auditing-special-purpose-frameworks-auditing-inventories%E2%80%94part-2/223797 [Accessed 7 Feb. 2015]. All.net, (2015). [Online] Available at: https://all.net/books/audit/ASAP/invntry.txt [Accessed 7 Feb. 2015]. Business.baylor.edu, (2015). Audit plan for WIP. [Online] Available at: https://business.baylor.edu/charles_davis/courses/acc5317/.../wipplan.doc [Accessed 7 Feb. 2015]. Myweb.whitman.syr.edu, (2015). Physical inventory. [Online] Available at: https://myweb.whitman.syr.edu/rjelder/Acc476/Notes/CH21.doc [Accessed 7 Feb. 2015]. Nba.nl, (2015). Risk Assessments and Internal Control. [Online] Available at: https://www.nba.nl/hraweb/richtlijnen/2002/Bundel1/Eng/sectie_400_21-39.htm [Accessed 7 Feb. 2015]. novellaqalive2.mhhe.com, (2015). Substantive Tests of Transactions and Balances. [Online] Available at: https://novellaqalive2.mhhe.com/sites/dl/free/0074711709/90089/sample_ch10.pdf [Accessed 7 Feb. 2015]. Pcaobus.org, (2015). Auditing Standard No. 8. [Online] Available at: https://pcaobus.org/Standards/Auditing/pages/auditing_standard_8.aspx [Accessed 7 Feb. 2015]. Prasad, M. (2012). The components of audit risk. [Online] The Hindu Business Line. Available at: https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/features/mentor/the-components-of-audit-risk/article2910361.ece [Accessed 7 Feb. 2015]. www.frc.org.uk, (2015). www.frc.org.uk. [online] Available at: https://www.frc.org.uk/Our-Work/Publications/APB/SAS-300-Accounting-and-Internal-Control-Systems-an.pdf [Accessed 7 Feb. 2015]. www.hkicpa.org.hk, (2015). STATEMENT OF AUDITING STANDARDS 300 AUDIT RISK ASSESSMENTS AND ACCOUNTING AND INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS. [Online] Available at: https://www.hkicpa.org.hk/file/media/section6_standards/standards/sas300.pdf [Accessed 7 Feb. 2015]. www.icisa.cag.gov.in, (2015). INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ON AUDITING 400 RISK ASSESSMENTS AND INTERNAL CONTROL. [Online] Available at: https://www.icisa.cag.gov.in/Background%20Material/RISK%20ASSt%20AND%20INTNL%20CONTROL%20ISA_400.pdf [Accessed 7 Feb. 2015].

Product Development and Market Entry Decisions

Question: Discuss about the Product Development and Market Entry Decisions. Answer: Introduction Market expansion strategy is considered as one of the most vital strategies prevailing within the business of the firm that helps in generating the market expansion of the firm. narket research is necessary part of planning as it allows companies to find such vital information as what the main features of the market are and what potential customers want. There are several tools designed to help businesses develop successful marketing plans and use them in order to grow. Product market expansion grid was specified by the Ansoffs matrix (Reardon, Coe and Miller 2015). This market expansion grid is quite valuable for planning the expansion of the company. This analysis helps in analysing the projected path in which the organization would find it beneficial to expand its sales and business prospects. The aim of this report is to analyse the marketing strategies of Amazon Australia by framing a product market penetration grid strategy for the firm. The analysis focuses on the achieving the aims of the firms that would be beneficial for progressing the future prospect of the firm. The following report has contains a background of the firm that would introduce the abilities and achievements of the firm. It is followed by a brief introduction to the product market penetration strategy (Prior and Bowman 2014). Every strategy has been reciprocated in the report on the basis of the Amazon Australia. Background of the Company Amazon is considered as one of the most developed and expanded electronic commerce cloud computing company. This organization has been successful in expanding its business throughout the world, where it helps in accessing its customers with all kind of products. It has been successful in being one of the largest electronic commerce organizations with its headquarters in United States of America. Along with the retailing, business the organization has also been successful in producing their own branch of products such as kindle, Fire tablet, e readers, fire TV and echo. Amazon is considered as the worlds largest provider of cloud infrastructure that ascertains low end products in the market (Guze et al. 2014). The organization has been operating in 15 countries currently. This report would focus the market operations of Amazon restricted only to Australia. Market Expansion Grid Product market expansion grid was specified by the ansoffs matrix. This market expansion grid i S quite valuable for planning the expansion of the company. This analysis helps in analysing the projected path in which the organization would find it beneficial to expand its sales and business prospects. Various strategies together in this aspects are taken into consideration. In order to analyse the product market expansion grid, two factors are taken into consideration (De Waal 2016). These factors are the product and the market. The product of the firm could be A NEW INNOVATION OF THE ROGANZIATION OR AN EXISTING ONE. THE chosen market of the fri could also be either a new territory to be entered by the referred company or the existing one. The grid for market expansion has been focussing on these two factors that accounts to be most prior for a organization (Mukherjee et al. 2016). The strategies that are analysed using this framework are : Market development strategy Diversification strategy Market penetration strategy Product development strategy Among the four strategies listed above, market penetration strategy deals with the inclusion of a current existing product in the current market of the firm. Product development strategy analyse the strategies related to the introduction of new products in current existing market. Market development strategy deals with the introduction of the current products in the new markets for the firm and the last strategy, diversification strategy, deals with the introduction of new products in new markets (Grant 2016). The focus of this report is to analyse the product market expansion grid strategy to be analysed for Amazon Australia. Market Penetration Strategy Market penetration strategy is considered as an important market strategy that is analysed by the firms. It helps in framing the strategies that would help in raising the sales of the products that exist in the market, yet has not been successful in generating much sales in the market. They do not have the capability of attaining the demand of the consumers towards themselves. Hence, such strategies are framed that would be efficient enough to attract the demand towards themselves and generate revenue for the firm. Various ways are related to the adoption of such strategies that would be efficient enough to achieve the aim of the firm in relation to the demand for existing products in existing markets (Bertay, Demirg-Kunt and Huizinga 2013). One of the easiest way is to attract the customers of the firm by generating the advantages of the product, secondly it can also be done by attract the consumers of the rivals prevailing in the market. Amazon Australia has been quite popular in maintaining their strategies to thereby acquire the market power in the economy. to further stem their dominance i the country, the organization must enrol itself into certain websites that compare the prices of the products online. The organization must take the initiative of selling not only books, films and tv shows, yet it must also introduce its segments in launching new products on the retail segment of the market (Eckard et al. 2015). It must analyse its advantages in merging with certain brands that would sell their products only online through the use of Amazon website. this would help in attracting the consumers towards the organization and thereby increasing the sales and revenue generated in the long run. Market Development Strategy Market development strategy are helpful in expanding the market of the organization with respect to the adapting of the existing product of the organization n new markets. This helps in expanding the base of the firm and raising their market power by introducing their products in new forms of markets. Helps in generating sales and revenue of the firm. Market development plan could be done by changing the products characteristics in order to satisfy the demand of the new market consumers. There are several ways of entering the new market which may include geographical expansions (Dyer and Song 2015). Amazon Australia offers favourable market development terms by implementing its expansion in new geographies. market development strategies would enable the firm to introduce their existing products in new markets. this would help them in capturing new market share. Amazing Australia must aim at expanding their business all over the country as per their ability to pay. Amazon must introduce its major trends among the competitors of the new markets such as own produced books and electronic apps for reading books (Darkow 2015). Product Development Strategy Product development strategy is a useful strategy that helps in introducing a new product in the existing market. As per the change in the consumption style and demands of the consumer, it is quite beneficial for the organization to pertain flexibility in its systems. This would help the organization in adhering to the current needs of the consumers and raising its sales and revenue framework. The products that would be launched in the market, could be new or modifications of the existing products in the same market (Yuen 2014). The organization might also attract the consumers of the rival companies by implementing the introduction of certain products that the competitors have not been able to innovate so far. By doing so, the benefits to the organization would be quite appreciative in nature along with the provision of stability in the market. Product development has been considered as one of the major activities that have been undertaken by Amazon since its operational period. the organization has been successful in introducing certain products such as e-book reader Kindle, along with the tablet, Kindle Fire, designed and manufactured by Amazon itself to rival other tablets in the markets, mainly the iPad ofApple.these products must be promoted in the market of australia, where people have a wage rate. they spend more money in attaining the products of Apple, hence, amazon could be successful in providing the market consumers of the similar product, yet with cost advantageous factors associated. Hence, the organization would be efficient in analysing the prospects of the market and establishing stability in the country (Kang and Montoya 2014). Diversification strategy Diversification strategy is destined for the companies that are planning on the launch of new products into the market. Diversification can be achieved in the market in two ways concentric nd conglomerate. Concentric diversification would deal wit the strategies in which the company would operate in the related market and launch the products that would have similar characteristic with the products already being produced. This would provide the incentive for the fir to use the existing resources that are already present in the market. Conglomerate diversification is for the companies, which produce new products that are unrelated to the existing ones in the market (Bowen, Baker and Powell 2015). This strategy provides them with the opportunity to introduce a new as pectin the market. It accesses a greater associated risk with itself, yet, it carries a large proportion of profit along with it after being successful in launching the new product. Diversifying the products of the firm ha s to undergo certain risks and costs associated, yet it is quite beneficial in attracting the customer who were most awaited for the launch of such a product. Amazon takes the relateddiversification approach in which strategy development takes place beyond current products and markets, but within the capabilities orvalue network of the organisation.The firm has been flexibly promoting its new products and innovations throughout the markets. The Amazon must establish long term relationships with various strategic partners in Australia that would help them in establishing stable search generated engines. Amazon must analyse the application of effective economies of scope towards its resources. The company has a strong online base, which helps the firm in venturing into new markets through innovative online software that the chairman of the company has created. In order to formulate new markets with new products, the risk must be taken by such an appropriate company like Amazon (Weiss, Schneider and Lebid 2015). Amazon has the ability to capture new markets of gaming, books and music. It would be benefitted by the decisions taken due to its s trong base and abilities. Conclusion Market planning and penetration strategies are considered as an important aspect for organizations to expand their market share. Researching the criteria of the market would provide the organization with the initiatives to expansion the market. Amazon Australia has been quite efficient and appropriate in the years so far to analyse its business in the country by exploring new capabilities nd innovations in various sectors oif the country. The organization must enhance its market penetration, product diversified, market development and product development in the country that would help them in framing the efficient marketing framework. References Bertay, A.C., Demirg-Kunt, A. and Huizinga, H., 2013. Do we need big banks? Evidence on performance, strategy and market discipline. Journal of Financial Intermediation, 22(4), pp.532-558. Bowen, H.P., Baker, H.K. and Powell, G.E., 2015. Globalization and diversification strategy: A managerial perspective. Scandinavian Journal of Management, 31(1), pp.25-39. Darkow, I.L., 2015. The involvement of middle management in strategy developmentDevelopment and implementation of a foresight-based approach. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 101, pp.10-24. De Waal, G.A., 2016. An extended conceptual framework for product-market innovation. International Journal of Innovation Management, 20(05), p.1640008. Dyer, B. and Song, X.M., 2015. The relationship between strategy and conflict management: A Japanese perspective. In Proceedings of the 1995 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference (pp. 126-132). Springer International Publishing. Eckard, K., Eaton, H., de Giacomo Araujo, M. and Smith, S., 2015. Rocket Internet: Clone Factory or Long-Term Stakeholder?. Grant, R.M., 2016. Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Guze, M., Luz, A.C., Paneque-Glvez, J., Maca, M.J., Orta-Martnez, M., Pino, J. and Reyes-Garca, V., 2014. Are ecologically important tree species the most useful? A case study from indigenous people in the Bolivian Amazon. Economic botany, 68(1), pp.1-15. Kang, W. and Montoya, M., 2014. The impact of product portfolio strategy on financial performance: The roles of product development and market entry decisions. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 31(3), pp.516-534. Mukherjee, S., Uzzi, B., Jones, B. and Stringer, M., 2016. A New Method for Identifying Recombinations of Existing Knowledge Associated with High?Impact Innovation. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 33(2), pp.224-236. Prior, L. and Bowman, D.M.J.S., 2014. Shifting fire regimes of Australia, USA and the Brazilian Amazon. Reardon, J., Coe, B. and Miller, C., 2015. Exploration of Expansion and Associated Timing Strategies for International Market Entry. In Proceedings of the 1996 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference (pp. 26-30). Springer International Publishing. Weiss, M., Schneider, D. and Lebid, J., 2015. Unfolding the concept of a TMT-diversification strategy fit. Team Performance Management: An International Journal, 21(3/4), pp.139-158. Yuen, K.K.F., 2014. Fuzzy cognitive network process: comparisons with fuzzy analytic hierarchy process in new product development strategy. IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems, 22(3), pp.597-610.

The Ins and Outs of a Nonfiction Ghostwriting Contract - The Writers For Hire

THE INS AND OUTS OF A NONFICTION GHOSTWRITING CONTRACT Have you dreamed of seeing a book with your name on it? Would having a book published under your name help get your speaking engagements or enhance your personal brand? Do you have something important to say but don’t consider yourself a writer? Do you want a record of your family history? Are you considering running for office? If so, you may have wondered about hiring a ghostwriter. A ghostwriter is someone who will create content for you that can be published under your name. A ghostwriter can pen anything from the shortest of blog posts to an article for a magazine or a series of books. Hiring a ghostwriter isn’t complicated, but the question of â€Å"what goes in the contract† can be a little daunting. Tweet this Just like in any other industry, the contract will be a written record that clarifies objectives and practical matters from the beginning to make sure you get the result you want. Your contract doesn’t have to be overly complicated, but it does need to clearly set out your expectations, as well as include clauses for termination, payment, and ownership transference. That’s because having a book ghostwritten for you is like having a home built. Just like a home, your book is a work made for hire, according to your instructions. And just like when building a home, you need to make the most critical decisions before you get your contractors started. It would be no fun thinking you were going to get a beach bungalow for large family reunions and ending up with a cozy one-bedroom designed for secluded, romantic weekends for two. So, What Kinds of Things Should Be Included in the Contract for a Ghostwritten Book? Final Deliverable The final deliverable is what you are paying for. The final deliverable is a manuscript. It is ‘the content’ that can be published under your name. A ghostwriting contract typically doesn’t include a cover design or interior design or specific formatting for an e-book or print production. However, many ghostwriters have connections to publishing and design firms that can help with these services. This is something that should be addressed when discussing the final deliverable. In the contract’s deliverables section, you’ll want to include a rough description of the book. The description can include a working title and the genre of your book, for example, â€Å"The History of Arctic Oil Exploration.   A collection of nonfiction essays, each essay being the biography of a person of historical significance.† Your deliverable should also indicate your book’s length. How long should your book be? Well, it depends on what you want it to accomplish. Is it a technical manual or textbook of sorts, to establish your authority? Is it a romance novel as a gift for your beloved? Is it a self-help book with a number of pages for readers to fill in answers to exercises? Is it a memoir of a short period in your life or a longer one? Once the purpose of the book is established, your ghostwriter can advise you on the appropriate length. In the contract, the length of a book should be stated as a range of words, along with a rough page estimate for clarity. For example, 20,000 to 30,000 words is about 100 pages. Finally, whether or not you choose to explicitly state them in the contract, it’s critical to set realistic goals for your manuscript. As Dr. Angela Lauria, CEO of The Author Incubator   www.theauthorincubator.com says: I spent 17 years as a ghostwriter and every single book I was hired to write got done. But what I noticed was that very few were happy with the result the book got them. They told me they wanted a book and I believed them. Writing a book has always been easy for me. But I wanted my clients to be happier. That's when I realized the book was actually supposed to be a path to get them something else. They didn't just want a book on the shelf they wanted the book to create something for them.-Dr. Angela Lauria So, your first task is to get crystal clear on what you want your book to do for you. Dan Gerstein, founder of Gotham Ghostwriters notes two common goals: Your book could position you as a thought leader in business, tech, advocacy, or politics. In this case, your book will serve as the foundation for your authority and help you to secure speaking engagements or sell your services. In some cases the book can be leveraged into workshops and seminars and webinars. Your book tells a story – a cautionary tale or an inspirational tale to help others. This would include memoir and self-help books. Remember that book sales rarely make an author wealthy. You shouldn’t expect to recoup the money you spend on a ghostwriter via book sales. So, if increased income is the goal, it’s up to you to set goals that will allow you to leverage your book for speaking engagements, or c-suite job offers, or the like. Services This part of the contract gets into the nitty gritty. You may think that the services provided by a ghostwriter would be fairly straightforward. They write †¦ right? Yes, but they may (or may not) also proofread, edit, organize, research, and assist with publication of your manuscript. Expecting your book to be proofread is standard, as are a couple of rounds of edits. It is also standard that a ghostwriter will fact check easily verifiable claims throughout the book, to ensure accuracy. A professional ghostwriter with editorial strategy experience will also be able to collaborate with you on determining the â€Å"hook for the book† and creating a book outline. Expect to invest a minimum of 10 to 20 hours of talking time at the beginning of the process to help your ghostwriter to understand your voice and create a structure for your book. Although proofreading, editing, and organizing may be considered standard, you should still outline these services in the contract to minimize any areas where your expectations could be misaligned. Then you get to ‘research’. Research is one of the most unpredictable elements of a project so clearly outlined responsibilities on your part and the part of your ghostwriter is crucial. The subject of the research and the expected amount (in hours) should be specified. For example, â€Å"no more than 30 hours of research total† or â€Å"20 hours of research on great white sharks by November 30.† This way, everyone knows when the work is going beyond the scope of what has been agreed and you can adjust timelines and payments accordingly. Do interviews need to be done? If so, you should specify with whom and by when. If that’s not possible, then you can specify how many hours your ghostwriter will spend tracking down industry experts or celebrities. In almost all cases, your ghostwriter will also need to interview you. You should set a number of hours of expected interview time, as well as outline travel expectations and expenses. Will the ghostwriter need to travel to your home or office? If so, the number of expected in-person visits should be included, as well as listing of any reimbursable expenses, such as gas or airfare. Ideally, your ghostwriter should be able to advise you as to how your book might best fit into the market and suggest publishing options. If you have decided that you will target a traditional publisher rather than self-publish, you may want help with pitching the book to them, and that service can be included in the contract, too. Your ghostwriter or ghostwriting firm may have helped pitch your book to publishers, but a guarantee that the book will be published will almost never be included in a contract. Now, one person may not be able to fulfill all these services, so you may want to engage a ghostwriting firm. Firms can often also assist you with ancillary services such as design, a book website, ebook publishing, and book launch press releases. Choosing a firm can also help you feel at ease that even sickness or death won’t get in the way of your book getting finished! Ownership The ownership of the work transfers to you completely and the contract should be crystal clear on that point. You should have full authority to claim you are the author of the book and may take full credit for it. Since you are the owner, you will have all rights to the work, including film and audio rights, domestic and foreign. You should see something like the following in the contract, â€Å"All rights, title and interest in the following shall be the sole and exclusive property of Author, including: (i) All materials, including but not limited to Word files, PowerPoint presentations, tapes, completed manuscript, the completed project and/or other product resulting from this effort; (ii) The content of the subject matter of the book provided by the author; (iii) Any ideas, works, documentation or notes conceived related to the book; (iv) All writings by ghostwriter related to or associated with the book; and (v) All ghostwriter’s work product related to the Book.† You may also see something that specifies that you won’t be provided full ownership until the amount agreed upon has been paid to the writer in full. Confidentiality You can decide that the ghostwriter’s authorship can never be made public or you can choose to put the writer’s name as a byline on the finished product along with yours. This fact should be specified in the contract, for example, â€Å"the ghostwriter will keep their role in the project confidential. The author is the owner of the manuscript and holds the right to choose the manner and time of disclosure. Permission for the ghostwriter to discuss the project must be given in writing by the author.† Per your discretion, the ghostwriter could be allowed to provide excerpts of the work they did to potential clients. Before they do so, that potential client should sign a non-disclosure agreement (referred to as an NDA). The contract should also specify that you should be told when an excerpt of the work is used in a portfolio. This protects your position as author of the work. Protection There are certain legal protections that you will want to be sure are included in the contract. In fact, these protections will go both ways. It’s called â€Å"mirror indemnification.† These clauses in the contract will say that the writer (your ghostwriter or firm) is responsible for anything illegal that they do and you (the author) bear no responsibility for it. And vice versa. You should be indemnified against any claims and expenses arising from infringement of any copyright or violation of any property rights that may appear in the work. Likewise, your ghostwriter should be protected from anything scandalous or libelous that you choose to include under your name. Ghostwriters should warrant that their work â€Å"does not infringe any copyright, violate any property rights.† You should â€Å"defend, indemnify, and hold harmless† the other against â€Å"claims, suits, costs, damages, and expenses that may be sustained by reason of any scandalous, libelous, or unlawful matter contained or alleged to be contained in the work†. If you aren’t sure if your content will be considered libelous, consult with an attorney. Remember that your ghostwriter is not an attorney. Dan Gerstein notes that this kind of protection was crucial in one particular project that was about a very high-profile controversy where the author was involved in legal issue with the federal government. Work Schedule Do you like face-to-face meetings during which you can bounce ideas around with everyone else and leave with a plan of action? Perhaps your schedule doesn’t allow for that style of working or you find it preferable to receive work from your ghostwriter to look over, take time to consider, and deliver written feedback. You can discuss with your ghostwriter how you would like the working relationship to be set up and your ghostwriter can sketch out a work plan. You might include the milestones (with target deadlines expressed as a date range) you agree upon with your ghostwriter. If you are sure of your desired end date, you can then think backwards with your ghostwriter to agree upon the due dates of the various elements leading up to the finished product (like the first outline and the first draft) to make sure your book is completed by the time you need it. You could include this work plan in the contract, or it may be something that is less formal but still provides everyone with a comforting structure. Final Deadline The expected end date could be a crucial piece of information. Do you have an event at which you’d like to distribute your finished book, for example? The contract can lay out what happens if things get delayed due to the ghostwriter’s actions. You might include a clause that sets out a specific amount to be paid to you for each day that expires after the prescribed final deadline. But remember, the ghostwriter is also entitled to expect you to meet your deadlines. If you are somehow responsible for preventing the work from being completed, for example by withholding required information or not showing up to a meeting, then your ghostwriter is not responsible for the delay and is still entitled to be paid for the work done up to that point. Pricing When negotiating a price, bear in mind that the final fee should take into account all time spent on the project (for example, primary research and interviews), and not just on writing alone. The contract should indicate the amount the ghostwriter will be paid for their work, when they will receive payment, and how they will be paid. You can arrange payment in a number of ways. It’s possible that part of the payment could be paid in the form of royalties (in exchange for a lower upfront fee, the author may share some of the advance and royalties with the ghostwriter). But that is very rare. Many ghostwriters will ask for 50% of their fee up front and take the remainder upon completion. But it is also common for the fee to be paid in installments at the agreed upon milestones, or monthly based on the amount of time spent by the ghostwriter. Disputes No matter how carefully one prepares, life still happens, and you may find yourself at odds with your writer. So, the contract should lay out how disagreements and disputes will be handled. It’s usually sufficient to include a paragraph stating that any dispute, if it cannot be solved by good faith negotiation between the parties shall be submitted to binding and confidential arbitration under the rules of the American Arbitration Association in a particular state, as follows: Any dispute arising from this Agreement shall be submitted to binding and confidential arbitration under the rules of the American Arbitration Association in the state of [state] and county of [county], and any award issued in such arbitration may be entered and enforced as a judgment in any court of competent jurisdiction. The prevailing party in any such arbitration shall be entitled to recover attorneys’ fees and costs. If your ghostwriter happens to be working in a different state from where you live or do business, you have a choice of states and you may want to consult an attorney to get advice on which state to go with. Escape Clauses A complete ghostwriting contract should include an escape clause that works both ways. Sometimes, it is best to terminate a project when things aren’t working out and cannot seem to be remedied or re-scoped. An escape clause should include a predetermined â€Å"kill fee† paid to the ghostwriter. This means that the ghostwriter be fairly compensated for services rendered, even if you are unsatisfied with the results. The Bottom Line Your ghostwriting contract sets basic parameters, so you know what to expect for your money. At the same time, writing a book is a creative process. It is a collaborative process, so don’t hesitate to be honest about what you want the book to do for you and to nurture your relationship with your ghostwriter. Disclaimer:  (Nothing that appears in this article is intended to serve as legal advice; for that you should contact a duly accredited attorney.)

Psychology Graduate School Admissions Essay Sample

Psychology Graduate School Admissions Essay SampleWhen it comes to deciding where to start your career in psychology, you may be wondering about what kind of psychologist's graduate school admissions essay should you write. Writing an application essay is very different from writing a research paper, so you'll want to use some guidance when choosing a sample application.You can choose to write your own psychology graduate school admission essay, or hire a professional writer to help you out. Writing your own will allow you to have more control over the style and tone of your essay. On the other hand, hiring a professional will give you the benefit of having their knowledge and experience at your disposal.The first step in essay writing is to determine what type of undergraduate experience you have had. You will want to talk about both your academic experience and your professional experience, but also make sure that you put these two pieces together. This will make the essays seem co hesive.It can be difficult to be objective about your undergraduate experience if you are not currently enrolled in a program. However, it is best to at least know that you did attend college before applying. You should also think about what degree you would like to obtain after graduating. This information can help with essay formatting, but will also help you as a prospective student.When looking for a good psychology graduate school admission essay sample, make sure that it includes some feedback about your personality and appearance. A good sample will usually ask you about how well you communicate and how well you relate to others. You should be able to demonstrate your ability to work well with others. Also, the essay should offer some positive aspects about your academic experience.In addition to talking about your academics, a good sample will also include feedback about your research skills and how well you communicate this. Make sure that you indicate that you have a stron g research focus. You should also be able to give feedback about how you relate to others.The main thing to remember is that the sample applications that you use should include some practice essays. This will give you an idea of what kinds of essays are appropriate for each specific college. You should also try to identify the major characteristics of a typical admissions essay, such as how long it should be, how long it should be divided, what kind of argument you should include, and how many sentences you should be able to make. All of these should be covered in the sample applications.A psychology graduate school admissions essay sample is an excellent way to get started on writing a winning essay. Do not be afraid to take control of the process and write the essay for yourself. It will be well worth the effort, and you will find that your acceptance letter will read more like a professional composition than an admissions essay.

Transformational Change Essay Example

Transformational Change Essay Example Transformational Change Paper Transformational Change Paper Transformational Change John Hulka EXP105: Personal Dimensions of Education Instructor Eva Ananiewicz December 12, 2010 Transformational Change When you experience a dramatic change in your life, such as a career change or going back to school you are faced with learning a whole different set of skills and often doing this requires you to unlearn the old skills that you were so used to doing, and by doing this new kind of learning and as you are completing these dramatic changes in your life, you are broadening your horizons, (so to speak) you are opening your mind and realizing that there is always something new to learn and new ways in which to learn them, this is called Transformational Change. We do this kind of change in what is called a â€Å"learning cycle† and it is done in four stages. The first stage of the learning cycle is recognizing a significant problem, ask yourself what is the problem? Think hard and analyze the problem and look for possible solutions, the second stage is to narrow them down to the most logical solution. What solution will work best for you. After that plan carefully just how and what you are going to do, then (this third stage is the most crucial and causes the most stress) review and refine until your sure that you have a good well thought out plan, then the fourth stage is to implement your plan; put it into action, following these stages will help you decide on the best solution to your problem. Remember, that nobody plans to fail, they fail to plan. Let me briefly explain how this works and how I used this in my personal life: I was ordered by my Doctor to stop working and go on disability; as I need a heart transplant and the process is quite long. I was faced with a decision to just sit a home doing nothing till I get (or even if I was to get) a new heart or do something positive in my life. I chose to do something positive. So I realized the problem, and had to look at possible solutions : 1. Just sit at home doing nothing and wait. 2. Find a job I could do and risk losing my disability. 3. Go back to school, learn another career that I could do in case I could not get a heart. I chose #3. It was the most practical choice for me, and as it turned out it was the best one for me (because of my diabetes, I was taken off the transplant list) I chose to go back to school to become a therapist, something I could do Non-physical and something I was very interested in doing. The next step was to find the right school that would have the best course of action to complete my degree. After careful research, I decided on Ashford University. I then put my plan into action; I called and enrolled, and I am in class now. This Transformational change will be challenging, being out of school for 20 years will take some dedication, a good support system, and an open mind to learning. Jack Mezirow (1991) conducted research on adults engaged in transformational change and identified â€Å"Seven phases† typically occurring in the challenging learning process: 1. Experiencing a disorienting dilemma 2. Self-examination 3. Critical assessment of assumptions 4. Recognizinging that others have gone through a similar process 5. Exploring a process 6. Formulating a plan of action . Reintegration Out of these â€Å"Seven Phases† I have experienced many of them in my personal life. (in which I described in above paragraph) below are those â€Å"Seven Phases† and how they worked in my life along with a brief example of each, they are the following: 1. Experiencing a disorienting dilemma: on disability and what to do for the future. 2. Self-examination: Disabled, what to do. 3. Critical assessmen t of assumptions: Deciding on options 4. Exploring a process: choosing to go to school, and which school to go to. 5. Recognizinging that others have gone through a similar process: knowing that it can be done. 6. Formulating a plan of action: Looking for the right school, and get enrolled. 7. Reintegration: This one I expect to be going through, getting use to a new way of life something very different than I was use to. I will need to keep my motivation and a good support system in place. References: *   (Ashford’s text book) Learning online and achieving lifelong goals